Labrador
A Complete Breed Guide for Labrador Retriever dogs
This article is written by Pet Circle veterinarian,
A favoured breed in many countries world wide, the Labrador Retriever has a friendly, eager to please and sweet nature making it a fantastic family dog. This incredibly versatile breed is well suited to a range of disciplines including obedience, hunting and agility. Labradors are also often used as service, search and rescue dogs and detection dogs.
Contents:6. Best Joint Supplements for Labradors
Facts about the Labrador
| Breed size: | Place of origin: | Other names: |
| Large | Canada | Labrador, Lab |
| Breed group: | Energy level: | Weight range: |
| Gun Dog, Sporting | High | Female: 24.9 to 31.8kg, Male: 29.5 to 36.3kg |
| Life expectancy: | Tendency to bark: | Height range: |
| 10 to 12 years | Low | Female: 54.6 to 59.7cm, Male: 57.2 to 62.2cm at shoulder |
| Drool factor: | Social needs: | Coat length: |
| Low | Moderate | Short to medium, dense |
| Shedding factor: | Overall grooming needs: | Colours: |
| Moderate | Low | Yellow (sometimes referred to as 'Golden'), black and chocolate. |
Do Labradors shed?
Labradors do shed as they have a double coat, the undercoat being thick and weatherproof, and the outercoat being short and dense. They need to get rid of some of their thick undercoat, especially in changing seasons, therefore they do shed and are known as year-round shedders. It is recommended to brush them once a week or more during moulting. Strictly speaking there are three main colour coats namely black, yellow, and brown but a wide range of different shades of these coat colours.
How much does a Labrador puppy cost?
The average price for a purebred Labrador puppy is approximately $2500-$4000.
How long to Labradors live for?
The average lifespan of a Labrador is 10-12 years of age.
Are Labradors good pets?
Labradors are good-natured friendly and very affectionate dogs and so do make great family pets! They are suitable for having with children as they are easy going and forgiving and bond well with humans. They are a large breed dog with high energy levels and so will require regular exercise. They can adapt to apartment living if they get the required exercise and outdoor play that they need.
Do Labradors bark a lot?
Labradors generally have a low tendency to bark especially if given the required exercise and mental stimulation that they require. They can start barking from boredom or other triggers so to curb this habit, the first step is to try and work out the stimulus for the barking. Have a read of our article How to stop your dog barking. As mentioned Labradors are very social dogs and may suffer from separation anxiety by becoming distressed when left alone. For further information on this topic read our article Separation anxiety in dogs.
How big do Labradors grow?
Labradors are known as a large breed dog with females averaging 24.9-31.8kg and males averaging 29.5-36.3kg. The female Labradors height range is from 54.6-59.7cm with the males slightly taller at 57.2-62.2cm at the shoulder. They are quite a sturdy dog with a broad head and a strong body.
How do I find a good Labrador breeder?
There are some important things to consider when trying to find and choose a breeder especially during these high demand times for purchasing puppies. There is the option of adopting from a shelter or alternatively searching for a registered breeder who is a member of the Australian National Kennel Council and has their own breeder registration number. Have a look at the following article for more tips on finding a reputable breeder - How to find a good breeder.
Labrador History
The Labrador Retriever first originated in Newfoundland, Canada. Coming to prominence in the early 19th century, the breed was used by fishermen to retrieve nets and ducks from the water. English nobles visiting Newfoundland brought some of these 'Labrador dogs' home where they quickly demonstrated their innate suitability for use as gun dogs.
With the breed further refined in England throughout the latter half of the 1800s, the Labrador Retriever was recognised as a breed by the Kennel Club of England in 1903 and was first registered with American Kennel Club in 1917. In 1991 the Labrador Retriever topped the charts as the American Kennel Club's most registered breed and has remained there ever since, demonstrating the breed's ability to stand the test of time as a time honored favourite pet, companion, family member, working and sporting dog.
Labrador Personality
Labradors are goofy, outgoing and friendly towards humans and other animals alike. While their sweet and trainable nature makes Labradors an excellent family pet, their energy level along with their need for exercise and mental stimulation should not be underestimated. In order to keep them mentally and physically stimulated, Labrador Retrievers require daily exercise and play, revelling in prolonged games of fetch and any water activity.
The vast majority of Labradors are highly food motivated, and while this trait makes them easily trainable, it also often results in an inability to self regulate food intake, often leading to them becoming overweight or obese as they move into young adulthood. This tendency of the Labrador to over indulge may further predispose them to certain health concerns.
Best dog toys for Labradors
The below mentioned toys are especially good for Labradors as they are durable, interactive and involve exercise which is a great way to bond with your pet!
Yours Droolly Entertaineze Treat Ball
Fill the this bouncy ball with some of your Labrador's kibble to slow their eating or to keep them occupied and out of mischief.
Made with highly visible, fast drying neoprene, this special Wet Wubba is ideal for games of fetch in and out of water.
An extra long ball thrower to help you launch your Labrador's ball further than ever before to satisfy those intense fetch cravings!
Contains an interior tennis ball and two handles so it's easy to pick up and throw during interactive play time!
Can't decide? Why not let us choose for you with the Curious Box? Each Curious Box contains a selection of two to three engaging toys (and treats!) Even better, the theme changes every 6 weeks, making it the perfect way to keep your Lab's supply of toys and treats fresh, fun, and varied!
Labrador Health Problems
In general, Labradors have a fairly hardy constitution for a pure breed dog; many will live long, healthy, uneventful lives, sometimes years in excess of their expected 10 to 12 year lifespan. There are however, a few ailments and conditions for which Labradors do appear to be predisposed and are worthwhile noting for current and potential owners.
Arthritis
With an anticipated adult bodyweight of greater than 25kg, Labradors are classed as a large breed dog. For a variety of reasons, large breed dogs are predisposed to development of joint problems, most notably osteoarthritis, during their lifetime.
Osteoarthritis (also known as degenerative joint disease or simply arthritis) is painful inflammation of one or many joints and can occur secondary to a number of factors, including joint trauma or infection, however most frequently it occurs in Labradors and other large breeds due to congenital joint defects such as hip and elbow dysplasia. In these conditions the normal conformation of the joint is lost, leading to instability which can result in inflammation of the joint and the development of degenerative changes to the bone and cartilage. These changes manifest as pain and reduced mobility which worsens over time.
Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition and is usually managed through a combination of diet, joint supplements, physiotherapy and prescribed anti inflammatory and pain relief medication. Addressing any known underlying causes (such as hip or elbow displasia), along with weight management is also important for best results.
Want to know more about helping a dog with arthritis? Check out A Vet's Guide to Managing Arthritis in Dogs.
Best Joint Supplements for Labradors
Arthitis supplements commonly contain omega fatty acids along with glucosamine and chondroitin. The omega 3 fatty acids DHA and EPA have been demonstrated to have anti inflammatory properties and glucosamine and chondroitin are the building blocks of normal healthy cartilage. Green lipped mussel powder is a potent source of both omega 3 fatty acids, along with glucosamine and chondroitin, making it a great supplement choice for dogs with arthritis.
4cyte is a premium quality, vet recommended joint supplement containing green lipped mussel and epitalis to help support joint health and ease the symptoms of arthritis. It comes in a palatable granule form which can be added to the pets food.
Sasha's Blend powder and chews contain green lipped mussel, abalone and marine cartilage which are rich in omega 3 fatty acids and glycosaminoglycans to support joint health.
Available as powder or tasty chews, Glyde contains glucosamine, chondroitin and green lipped mussel to support joint health and mobility.
This contain green lipped mussel powder, a potent source of anti inflammatory omega fatty acids and can be given sprinkled over food.
Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia refers to a condition where the conformation (physical structure) of the hip joint is abnormal. A healthy hip joint operates as a smooth 'ball and socket' type joint, whereas hips affected by dysplasia typically have a flattening of the 'socket' component of the joint, resulting in a shallow joint where the 'ball' or head of the femur is not held securely. This leads to instability of the joint which may cause pain in the young dog (juvenile hip dysplasia) and ultimately causes development of osteoarthritis.
Elbow Dysplasia
Elbow dysplasia affects the elbow joint, which is an articulation of three bones, the humerus, radius and ulna. The correct alignment of the joint requires each bone to grow at the correct rate otherwise dysplasia can occur. While there are a few different locations in the joint where dysplasia can occur, each with different potential underlying causes, the end result is the same. Dogs with elbow dysplasia typically display signs of lameness in one or both front limbs at around 4 to 10 months of age, with arthritis appearing and worsening with age.
Hip and elbow dysplasia have been demonstrated to be inherited conditions in dogs, so all good Labrador breeders screen their breeding dogs and bitches using hip and elbow scoring to help prevent the condition being passed on to puppies. It's worth noting that while hip and elbow screening of the parents reduces the risk a puppy will have hip or elbow dysplasia, it doesn't remove the risk completely.
Management of hip and elbow dysplasia is best achieved early, before significant osteoarthritis develops. Depending on the type and severity of dysplasia present and the age of the dog, there are some surgical procedures which aim to correct the abnormal conformation of the joint to reduce the development of arthritis in later life. In severe cases of hip dysplasia, particularly in older dogs or those with significant arthritis, a total hip replacement may be neccessary.
Obesity
Obesity is linked with a number of health conditions in dogs, most notably osteoarthritis, which as previously mentioned is not uncommon in Labradors. Obesity can also contribute to other health conditions in dogs including heart disease, metabolic disease, breathing problems and skin problems.
One of the most common health conditions to impact Labradors is obesity, in the majority of cases due to overnutrition. The Labrador's strong affection for food teamed with their sociable nature makes them the masters of begging for food. While the temptation to give into those forlorn puppy dog eyes can be strong, it is in your Lab's best interest to closely regulate and monitor their food intake and bodyweight.
As well as simply contributing excess weight that your dog has to carry around, we now know that in the case of obesity, fat acts as an organ itself, releasing inflammatory mediators which result in a chronic state of inflammation that contributes to health conditions and adversely effects the immune system.
Want to know more about obesity management and prevention for dogs? Read Pet Obesity Facts and How to help your dog lose weight.
Top weight loss foods for Labradors
Hills Prescription Diet Metabolic
This prescription food uses a synergistic blend of ingredients to boost the metabolism of obese and overweight dogs, so that it acts more like that of a lean animal. It is also available in a mobility support formula designed for dogs who are also suffering from osteoarthritis - Hills Prescription Diet Metabolic and Mobility
Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Satiety
This low calorie prescription food contains a unique blend of fibres which physically fill the stomach and slow digestive transit time, helping your dog to feel full for longer and reduce begging behaviour.
This super premium, Australian made, dry dog food is complete and balanced, with fewer calories to support the health and wellbeing of your less active or obesity prone large or giant breed dog.
Hills Science Diet Perfect Weight
This premium food is made using a proprietary blend of ingredients designed to promote healthy weight loss and lean muscle mass, and is ideal for keeping your Labrador at a healthy weight.
Other health issues
Due to the Labrador's playful nature and love of food, as a breed they do have a tendency to eat things that they shouldn't! This can result in tummy upsets and in more severe cases, obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract with foreign bodies. Labrador owners should take extra care, particularly with puppies, to ensure that their dogs do not have access to items which commonly cause problems such as socks, corn cobs and children's toys.
Thanks to their dense coat, Labradors can develop acute moist dermatitis or 'hot spots', particularly during warm weather or after swimming or bathing. Hot spots can be quite painful so early treatment by removing the hair and application of topical antibacterial and anti inflammatory medication from your veterinarian is needed to prevent them worsening.
Along with hot spots, the Labrador's love of water can also lead to the development of ear infections if water becomes trapped in the ear canal. One simple step to help prevent ear infections in Labs is to use a gentle ear cleaner like Virbac Epi Otic in the ears after bathing or swimming.
For more help with ear infections in Labradors, read Why Does My Dog Keep Getting Ear Infections?
Labrador Diet and Nutrition
Labrador Puppies
Developmental joint disorders, including some forms of elbow dysplasia, may be affected in part by diet, as the energy, calcium and phosphorus content of traditional puppy foods can result in excessively rapid growth of some bones. Due to this, it is highly recommended that Labrador puppies are fed a large breed puppy specific diet. These formulas are designed with an adapted energy, calcium and phosphorus content to promote controlled bone growth and help prevent the development of some developmental bone and joint issues.
Labrador puppies need plenty of exercise and stimulation as well as rest. Furthermore even though almost all Labrador puppies are quite gentle and generally well behaved this does not mean they don't require training! Obedience training can help with training them to drop things from their mouth, come when called and not to jump up on people. For more puppy care tips have a read of our New Puppy Guide.
For more information, check out our guides to Feeding your puppy and What is the best puppy food to help you determine what is the right food and amount to feed per day, how to pick a food bowl and more.
Nutrition for Labrador puppies
There diets are specifically formulated for large breed puppies like Labradors. They are less energy dense to reduce the risk of overfeeding, have an appropriate level of calcium and phosphorous to support healthy joint and bone development and ingredients to support the puppys natural immune defences.
Advance Puppy Growth Large and Giant Breed
This Australian made, high quality puppy food is designed to support healthy growth and development of large and giant breed puppies, including Labrador Retrievers.
Royal Canin Labrador Retriever Puppy
This very high quality diet is tailored for the needs of Labrador puppies is high in fish oil which is a natural source of omega fatty acids to support healthy skin, a shiny coat and optimal brain development.
Hills Science Diet Large Breed Puppy
This premium large breed puppy food contains the ideal levels of energy, calcium and phosphorus to minimise the risk of developmental bone and joint problems, as well as added omega-3 fatty acids to ensure optimal brain and eye development.
This complete and balanced puppy food contains the correct balance of energy, calcium and phosphorus to support controlled bone growth in large breeds, along with nutrients to promote healthy digestion, brain development and skin & coat health.
Nutrition for adult Labradors
Seeing as adult Labradors tend to be predisposed to development of obesity and are also more likely than some other breeds to experience osteoarthritis, we recommend choosing a food designed to support both a healthy weight and healthy joints. The most suitable foods for adult Labradors are usually ones with modified calorie contents, tailored kibble shape to slow the rate of eating and additional nutrients such as green lipped mussel powder along with fish oil to support joint health and mobility.
The recommended diets have been selected as they are premium diets specifically formulated for large breed adult dogs. Premium diets are designed to be easily digestible and the large breed varieties have targeted nutrients to help support healthy joints and bones.
For more information, check out our guide to the Best dog food for Labradors.
This Australian made formula tailored for adult retriever breeds contains functional nutrients including green lipped mussel powder to support joint health and an adapted calorie content to aid weight control.
Royal Canin Adult Labrador Retriever
With kibble specially designed to slow your Labrador's rate of eating, this premium quality food contains nutrition tailored the the specific requirements of adult Labrador Retrievers. Royal Canin also have a useful breed guide for Labradors.
Hills Science Diet Large Breed
This diet is formulated specifically to suit the nutritional needs of large breed dogs like Labradors, with the addition of glucosamine and chondroitin for joint health and L-carnitine which encourages fat metabolism and maintains lean muscle mass.
This premium quality food is designed with your adult Labrador Retriever's health and wellbeing in mind, including the addition of glucosamine and chondroitin for joint health and reduced fat levels to maintain a healthy weight.
Related breeds
Labradoodle
The Labradoodle breed is a hybrid of a Labrador Retriever and a Poodle (toy ,miniature or standard). The original aim of crossing these breeds was to produce a non-shedding hypoallergenic breed. They are a very friendly and lively companion dog who definitely can benefit from training and regular exercise.
Golden Retriever
The Golden Retriever is a wonderful family dog being both friendly, easy to train and very intelligent. They are a large breed dog with a medium long coat which is a beautiful golden or cream colour. As their name suggests they like to retrieve toys and they also have a love for water! For more information, take a look at our Golden Retriever Breed Guide.
Gundogs/Sporting Dogs
Spaniels, Pointers and Setters fall into the Gundog group (also known as the Sporting Dog group) along with the Retrievers. These dogs were originally bred to assist hunters in retrieving game birds. These days Gundog breeds are a great family dog being a reliable and loving companion but be aware they do like to be kept busy!
Further Reading
How To Help Your Dog Lose Weight
Arthritis Care For Dogs
Heavy Duty Toys for Power Chewers
What are the Best Dog Treats?
What is the Best Flea and Tick Treatment?
Want to know more? Check out our Discover Page for more tips from our expert vets on keeping your pets happy and healthy.